Central Borneo culture on display at Rainforest World Music Festival

Posted on 18 July 2010 

© WWF-Indonesia/Irza Rinaldi

© WWF-Indonesia/Irza Rinaldi

The annual Rainforest World Music Festival (RWMF) was extra special this year thanks to the display of indigenous culture from Central Borneo on the festival grounds.

World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Indonesia social development advisor Cristina Eghenter said a range of high quality highland products such as Adan rice, mountain salt, wild cinnamon, indigenous handicrafts and musical instruments were displayed and sold during the festival.

“Cultural performances and poster exhibitions in and around the booth captured the beautiful landscape and culture of the land of Formadat (Forum of the Indigenous Peoples of the Highlands of Borneo) as well as promote eco-tourism destinations in the highlands.

“Music and lyrics have the capacity to bind people together with a shared understanding or vision. In many ways this is exactly what Formadat represents,” she said.

Through RWMF, Formadat hoped to raise awareness of its existence within the community as well as its vision and commitment to protect and sustainably develop the common cultural heritage and land that lies within both Malaysia and Indonesia in the Heart of Borneo (HoB).

Eghenter said among the ways was through performances by the Dayak community, which portray a strong image of rainforest diversity.

The booth was set-up through collaboration between Formadat – a grassroots, cross border, organisation representing the indigenous people of the highlands, WWF-Malaysia and WWF-Indonesia.

Formadat was established by the main ethnic groups in the area — the Lun Bawang, Lun Dayeh, Sa’ban and Kelabit – who number around 25,000, 75 per cent of whom are on the Indonesian side of the border.

The Borneo Highlands, which comprise the sub-districts of Krayan Selatan and Krayan in East Kalimantan (Kaltim province, Indonesia); Bario, Ba’Kelalan and Long Semado in Sarawak; and Long Pasia in Sabah constitute one geographic, environmental and cultural land inhabited by people who share a common origin.

WWF said in a press statement that the HoB initiative aims to assist Borneo’s three governing nations (Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia) to conserve the area through a network of protected areas and sustainably managed forests as well as through international cooperation led by the Bornean governments.

HoB is the only remaining place in South East Asia that still holds huge tracts of continuous pristine forest.

“It straddles the transboundary highlands of Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia and reaches out through the foothills into adjacent lowlands.

“The HoB forests are some of the most biologically diverse habitats on earth possessing staggeringly high endemism levels across all groups of plants and animals,” said the press statement. One of the Formadat’s community leaders Pak Lewi Gala said he hoped that the exhibition booth would bring attention to the traditional skills and enterprise of the highland people.

“We hope that the exhibition can promote our vision for sustainable and environmentally sensitive development of their ancestral highland homes,” he said.

“We have no other homeland and we need to save the ‘patar dita’ (highland plateau) Borneo where we have lived for generations. We are one roof, one ancestor, and one tradition,” he added.

Meanwhile, WWF-Malaysia chief executive director Datuk Dr Dionysius Sharma said Formadat is an important initiative by the ethnic community because it can help catalyse the community’s interest in conservation and promote sustainable natural resource management.

He added that supporting such ideas in the highlands of HoB can be an effective strategy to ensure the community will be continuous guardians of the rich biodiversity of this extraordinary and beautiful landscape.

According to him, the Formadat booth was an opportunity to promote local products using the ‘Green and Fair Products’ branding.

He said that the branding is a new initiative supported by WWF-Indonesia and WWF-Malaysia to grant fair recognition to local products and support sustainable livelihoods.

HoB initiative team leader Adam Tomasek said the notion of ‘green economy’ driven by sustainable indigenous business in harmony with nature could be a powerful mechanism to protect the globally significant bio-diversity found within the HoB.

“Therefore, the ‘Green and Fair’ product initiative at the upcoming festival is one of the examples towards the ‘green economy approach’.

“To achieve this vision, development of infrastructure and better transportation are needed to guarantee a market for local agricultural products,” he said. Tomasek added that it is also important to choose the right kind of economic alternatives such as sustainable organic farming, eco-tourism and animal husbandry, adapted to the local environmental and social conditions in order to maintain the vital natural functions and characteristics of the highlands.

Source: Borneo Post Online

Pangkalan Bun

Pangkalan Bun is located in the Kotawaringin Barat regency and is the areas capital. This area is in the west of Central Kalimantan. This is a busy little cultural town with plenty of hustle and bustle to see and take part in especially at the markets which are a brilliant place to find some unique and interesting items. There are many places of interest to visit including the grand Palace of Pangkalan Bun which is over 200 years old and made of ulin or iron-wood. This is extremely important to the local people as it is the only symbol of the Banjar royal legacy in Central Kalimantan. Other buildings include one of Indonesia's oldest mosques at over 300 years old which is found just a little way out in the Kotawaringin district and is named The Kyai Gede Mosque. From the wildlife perspective you can also visit Tanjung Puting conservational park which in conjunction with the WWF and is particularly interested in the conservation of the orangutans that inhabit the area and the reforestation of there home land.

There are many ways to travel around Borneo which is considered by some to be one the most difficult jungle areas to negotiate in the world. This may be true when attempting to cross the entire island but in Pangkalan Bun it is possible to hike and take boats to do most of your traveling and you will always have a guide with you at any point in a tour of the Pangkalan Bun area unless you have a free program. The local boats differ from some of the larger boats with simple sleeping quarters to bamboo rafts. You can try any of the styles you wish and even visit the floating market where you will really get a feel for the water based culture of these people. With your guide you will be able to see all aspects of the Pangkalan Bun area including the culture. This includes the long starched earlobe of some of the older people in the villages of the Dayak people as well as their performances and socializing with the locals. It is usually possible to tailor your tour to wildlife, hiking or the culture or embark on a tour that covers all of these areas and sometimes more.

There are many tours that stretch between a three day tour and a 20 day tour and all of these are available from anywhere in Indonesia as well as from Singapore and Kuala Lumpur. There are many reasons to see this area but one of the most positive is that as well as seeing the beauty of the landscapes, the wildlife and the culture of the people around the Pangkalan Bun area, you will also be contributing in the money you spend and any further donations to the maintenance of all of the incredible beauty that you see.

Typical weapon Dayak Tribe Main

Sipet / blowpipe

Is the main weapon Dayak tribe. The shape is round and 2-3 cm in diameter, length 1.5 to 2.5 meters, the middle-middle hole with a hole diameter ¼ - ¾ cm which is used to include children blowpipe (Damek). The tip of a spear made of mountain stone tied with rattan and wicker have been on. Children chopsticks called damek, and telep is where children blowpipe.

Lonjo / Spear

Made of iron and placed or tied with a woven rattan and stemmed from bamboo or hardwood.

Telawang / Shield

Made of lightweight wood, but the clay. Length of 1-2 meters with a width of 30-50 cm. The outside given the carving or painting and has a specific meaning. Next to the common place of handles.

MANDAU/Saber

Is the main weapon and a weapon that is considered sacred hereditary. The shape is long and there is always a good sign carved in the form of inlay and carving just ordinary. Saber mountain made of stone, carved, engraved with gold / silver / copper and decorated with bird feathers or human hair. Saber has the original name of the so-called "Saber Threshold Birang Bitang Pono Adjunct Kajau", are goods that have a religious value, as well cared for by their owners.
Rocks that are often used in the manufacture of Saber in near past, namely: Sanaman Mantikei Stone, Stone or stone Mujat Tengger, Stone Montalat.Mandau is a kind of machete sharp weapon derived from Borneo Dayak culture. Saber is one of Indonesia's traditional weapons. In contrast with a machete, saber has a carving - carving on the blade is not sharp. Often also found additional holes in the blade is covered with a brass or copper with a view to beautify the saber blades.

kumpang/Saber

Is the main weapon and a weapon that is considered sacred hereditary. The shape is long and there is always a good sign carved in the form of inlay and carving just ordinary. Saber mountain made of stone, carved, engraved with gold / silver / copper and decorated with bird feathers or human hair. Saber has the original name of the so-called "Saber Threshold Birang Bitang Pono Adjunct Kajau", are goods that have a religious value, as well cared for by their owners.
Rocks that are often used in the manufacture of Saber in near past, namely: Sanaman Mantikei Stone, Stone or stone Mujat Tengger, Stone Montalat.Mandau is a kind of machete sharp weapon derived from Borneo Dayak culture. Saber is one of Indonesia's traditional weapons. In contrast with a machete, saber has a carving - carving on the blade is not sharp. Often also found additional holes in the blade is covered with a brass or copper with a view to beautify the saber blades.

Dohong

This weapon is a kind of dagger, but bigger and sharper side contiguous. Upper reaches of the horn and scabbard made of wood. Weapons may only be worn by chiefs, Demat, Basir.

Isen Mulang Petehku
   from: http://www.isenmulang.com/mitos-budaya/senjata-khas-utama-suku-dayak

Houses betang Dayak Tribe

 

Saber Dayak Tribe

Rumah Betang

Houses betang
The traditional house of Dayak in West Kalimantan, known as the House betang. Usually they live in upper-stream. But now, the traditional house of Dayak are very large and this long to be a place or a tourist attraction. This house is not extinct and still easy to find. The form of the traditional house of Dayak tribe stage. The size is adjusted by the number of family members who live in it. The more family members, certainly the larger it becomes.
The parts of the traditional house of Dayak
1. BuildingHouses indigenous Dayak tribe is divided into two rooms, namely a closed space checkered and open space called tanjuk or teeter.Closed space is used as a family room, bed girls, and a place to receive guests of women. Enclosed space can also be used as sleeping space for guests newly married women or already have children and a place to receive the bride and groom during the wedding ceremony.Open space is used to receive male guests, village meetings, and places to eat or drink the wine at the marriage ceremony.
2. Hall (Bale)Bale is a space with elongated shape of a width half the width of the house. Bale is used as a sleeping room for boys and male guests who are staying.
3. PagesThis page is an open space that extends and has no roof. Pages are typically used for drying and pounding rice, drying clothes, and a playground for children.
4. KitchenThe kitchen is located in the back bedroom and used as a space for cooking.
5. DoorBetang house has a door that very much, even the number could reach 40-60 door. This is because in the house occupied by dozens of family betang.
6. PolePole house betang made with high 3-5 meters above the ground. This pole is made intentionally high to protect from enemy attack or the beasts.
7. LadderStairs to the house is made from a round timber and used as a stamping or hierarchy.
Typical Characteristics betang house
1. Houses betang made with forms of houses on stilts and has a 3-5 meters high from the ground.
2. Houses betang describe Dayak unity in the lives of everyday people.
3. Inside the house there betang customary law because of all the personal and family affairs are set according to the agreement.



from:http://bujangdayak.blogspot.com/

Eksplorasi minyak bumi

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, 

Eksplorasi atau pencarian minyak bumi merupakan suatu kajian panjang yang melibatkan beberapa bidang kajian kebumian dan ilmu eksak. Untuk kajian dasar, riset dilakukan oleh parageologis, yaitu orang-orang yang menguasai ilmu kebumian. Mereka adalah orang yang bertanggung jawab atas pencarian hidrokarbon tersebut.

Gambar pori batuan
Abu-abu adalah pasir
Biru adalah air
Hitam adalah minyak

Perlu diketahui bahwa minyak di dalam bumi bukan berupa wadah yang menyerupai danau, namum berada di dalam pori-pori batuan bercampur bersama air. Ilustrasinya seperti gambar di bawah ini

Kajian Geologi

Secara ilmu geologi, untuk menentukan suatu daerah mempunyai potensi akan minyak bumi, maka ada beberapa kondisi yang harus ada di daerah tersebut. Jika salah satu saja tidak ada maka daerah tersebut tidak potensial atau bahkan tidak mengandung hidrokarbon. Kondisi itu adalah:

• Batuan Sumber (Source Rock)

Yaitu batuan yang menjadi bahan baku pembentukan hidrokarbon. biasanya yang berperan sebagai batuan sumber ini adalah serpih. batuan ini kaya akan kandungan unsur atom karbon (C) yang didapat dari cangkang - cangkangfosil yang terendapkan di batuan itu. Karbon inilah yang akan menjadi unsur utama dalam rantai penyusun ikatan kimia hidrokarbon.

• Tekanan dan Temperatur

Untuk mengubah fosil tersebut menjadi hidrokarbon, tekanan dan temperatur yang tinggi di perlukan. Tekanan dan temperatur ini akan mengubah ikatan kimia karbon yang ada dibatuan menjadi rantai hidrokarbon.

• Migrasi

Hirdokarbon yang telah terbentuk dari proses di atas harus dapat berpindah ke tempat dimana hidrokarbon memiliki nilai ekonomis untuk diproduksi. Di batuan sumbernya sendiri dapat dikatakan tidak memungkinkan untuk di ekploitasi karena hidrokarbon di sana tidak terakumulasi dan tidak dapat mengalir. Sehingga tahapan ini sangat penting untuk menentukan kemungkinan eksploitasi hidrokarbon tersebut.

• Reservoar

Adalah batuan yang merupakan wadah bagi hidrokarbon untuk berkumpul dari proses migrasinya. Reservoar ini biasanya adalah batupasir dan batuan karbonat, karena kedua jenis batu ini memiliki pori yang cukup besar untuk tersimpannya hidrokarbon. Reservoar sangat penting karena pada batuan inilah minyak bumi di produksi.

• Perangkap (Trap)

Sangat penting suatu reservoar di lindungi oleh batuan perangkap. tujuannya agar hidrokarbon yang ada di reservoar itu terakumulasi di tempat itu saja. Jika perangkap ini tidak ada maka hidrokarbon dapat mengalir ketempat lain yang berarti ke ekonomisannya akan berkurang atau tidak ekonomis sama sekali. Perangkap dalam hidrokarbon terbagi 2 yaitu perangkap struktur dan perangkap stratigrafi.

Kajian geologi merupakan kajian regional, jika secara regional tidak memungkinkan untuk mendapat hidrokarbon maka tidak ada gunanya untuk diteruskan. Jika semua kriteria di atas terpenuhi maka daerah tersebut kemungkinan mempunyai potensi minyak bumi atau pun gas bumi. Sedangkan untuk menentukan ekonomis atau tidaknya diperlukan kajian yang lebih lanjut yang berkaitan dengan sifat fisik batuan. Maka penelitian dilanjutkan pada langkah berikutnya.

Kajian Geofisika

setelah kajian secara regional dengan menggunakan metoda geologi dilakukan, dan hasilnya mengindikasikan potensi hidrokarbon, maka tahap selanjutnya adalah tahapan kajian geofisika. Pada tahapan ini metoda - metoda khusus digunakan untuk mendapatkan data yang lebih akurat guna memastikan keberadaan hidrokarbon dan kemungkinannya untuk dapat di ekploitasi. Data-data yang dihasilkan dari pengukuran pengukuran merupakan cerminan kondisi dan sifat-sifat batuan di dalam bumi. Ini penting sekali untuk mengetahui apakan batuan tersebut memiliki sifat - sifat sebagai batuan sumber, reservoar, dan batuan perangkap atau hanya batuan yang tidak penting dalam artian hidrokarbon. Metoda-metoda ini menggunakan prinsip-prinsip fisika yang digunakan sebagai aplikasi engineering.

Metoda tersebut adalah:

1. Eksplorasi seismik
   Ini adalah ekplorasi yang dilakukan sebelum pengeboran. kajiannya meliputi daerah yang luas. dari hasil kajian ini akan didapat gambaran lapisan batuan didalam bumi.
2. Data resistiviti
   Prinsip dasarnya adalah bahwa setiap batuan berpori akan di isi oleh fluida. Fluida ini bisa berupa air, minyak atau gas. Membedakan kandungan fluida didalam batuan salah satunya dengan menggunakan sifat resistan yang ada pada fluida. Fluida air memiliki nilai resistan yang rendah dibandingkan dengan minyak, demikian pula nilai resistan minyak lebih rendah dari pada gas. dari data log kita hanya bisa membedakan resistan rendah dan resistan tinggi, bukan jenis fluida karena nilai resitan fluida berbeda beda dari tiap daerah. sebagai dasar analisa fluida perlu kita ambil sampel fluida didalam batuan daerah tersebut sebagai acuan kita dalam interpretasi jenis fluida dari data resistiviti yang kita miliki.
3. Data porositas
4. Data berat jenis